Manifold and heater construction for internal-combustion engines



May 8, 1951 o. R. SCHOENROCK MANIFOLD AND HEATER CONSTRUCTION FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES 2 She ets-Sheet 1 Filed Sept. 14, 1946 pawyklyzwxz J.

I H g INVENTOR.

May 8, 1951 o. R. SCHOENROCK ,764

MANIFOLD AND HEATER CONSTRUCTION FOR INTERNALCUMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Sept. 14, 1946 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 f 25 Y Z /5 i I L 7 A; I I /.'9

v INVENTOR. @Za /fim z Patented May 8, 1951 MANIFOLD AND HEATER CONSTRUCTION FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES Otto R. Schoenrock, Oak Park, Iil., assignor to .3. ll. Case Company, Racine, Wis., a corporation of Wisconsin Application September 14, 1946, Serial No. 697,121

7 Claims. 1

My invention relates to a manifold and heater construction for internal combustion engines.

One of the objects of my invention is to provide an improved manifold and heater construotion which will provide a flow of exhaust gases effective for heating the fuel supplied through the intake manifold.

A further object is to provide such a construction which will be inexpensive to manufacture.

A further object is to provide such a construe tion which will be durable and efficient in use.

A further object is to provide such a construction in which use is made of a three-way valve for controlling the flow of exhaust gases, which is rotatable about an axis extending parallel to the axis of the branch intake manifold passages.

Further objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the description and claims.

In the drawings, in which an embodiment of my invention is shown,

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view on the line [-4 of Fig. 2, showing also the carburetor and omitting the exhaust manifold;

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view on the line 2-2 of Fig. l, the carburetor being omitted;

Fig. 3 is a vertical section on the line 33 of Figs. 2 and 4;

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on the line i i of Figs. 2 and 3; and Fig. 5 is a side elevational view of the cylinder head showing the exhaust and inlet ports.

Referring to the drawings in detail, the construction shown comprises an intake manifold leading from the carburetor I to the inlet passages 2 and 2 of the cylinder head 3 of an internal combustion engine, an exhaust manifold 4 leading from the exhaust passages 5 of the cylinder head to a heating chamber ii surrounding the inlet pipe l of the intake manifold, an exhaust stack 8 for the exhaust gases, and a three-way valve 9 which in one position directs the exhaust gases from the exhaust manifold so that they pass through the heater and then to the stack as indicated by arrows A, B, C, and which, in its other position by-passes the heating chamber 6 and directs the exhaust gases from the mani fold outlet to the exhaust stack, as indicated by arrows A, C in Fig. 2.

The carburetor may be of any usual or suitable construction but is provided with a three-way valve l0 which in one position connects the carburetor with a supply ll of relatively expensive high-grade liquid fuel, and, in its other position,

connects it with a source l2 of relatively lowgrade inexpensive fuel.

The inlet manifold, heater, and three-way valve casing may be formed as a single casting. This casting is provided with a vertical passage 7 leading from the carburetor to two horizontal branch passages I3, one passageway [3 being abruptly enlarged at l 4 so as to be in communication with the two inlet passages 2 leading to two inlet valves of the motor and the other being provided with a similar enlargement at l5 in communication with the two other inlet passages 2 leading to the two other inlet valves. The vertical passage '1 is in communication with the fuel supply from the carburetor, the lower end of the casting having a flange it which may be secured to an upper flange ii on the carburetor. Owing to manufacturing variations passageway i will not always register perfectly with the outlet of carburetor I. In order to avoid restricting the flow at this point passageway l is flared at I! so that the full cross-sectional area of passageway l'l is invariably exposed to passageway 1. An auxiliary advantage arises out of this construction in that a sharp edge is presented interrupting the continuity of the walls of passageways li and l whereby any liquid fuel flowing in a film along such walls will tend to be reatomized at this edge and taken up in the air stream. A similar advantage occurs from the abrupt change in cross section at M and i5. These changes result in sharp edges H and li which tend to reatomize any liquid flowing along the walls at this point. Turbulence is also introduced to advantage by the splitting of passageways M and I5 into double passageways 2 and 2 respectively.

The three-way valve 9 is of the butterfly type.

In one position of the valve 9, as shown in full lines in Fig. 2, the exhaust gases entering the valve easing from the exhaust manifold 4 through the passage l8 are directed downwardly by the butterfly valve 9 into the heating chamber 5 surrounding the vertical passage 1 of the incoming fuel from the carburetor, as indicated by arrows B in Figs. 1 and 2. In another position of the valve 9, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. .2, the exhaust gases entering through the passage it are deflected by the butterfly valve and caused to flow upwardly and into the exhaust stack 8, the butterfly valve cutting the exhaust gases off from the heating chamber, thus lay-passing the heater. With the butterfly valve in the full-line position of Fig. 2, the exhaust gases are forced to flow downwardly, after passing the butterfly valve, on the right-hand side of the horizontal branches [3 of the inlet manifold and are forced downwardly still further by means of the webs 19 extending downwardly from the horizontal branches l3. From thence the exhaust gases flow to the left, as viewed in Fig. 2; thence upwardly on the left-hand side of the webs l9 and past the horizontal branches l3, and thence upwardly past the butterfly valve to the exhaust stack. In order to adjust the heating effect for different types of fuel or different conditions, the valve 9 may be set in a numberof different adjusted positions by means of an adjusting lever 20 secured to the rock shaft 2! of the valve.

The branch fuel passages l 3 terminate in anchorage plates 22' which may be clamped against the embossed portion 23 of the cylinder head by means of cap screws or located in semicircular openings 25 in the anchor plates. ,As hereinafter described, these same bolts or cap screws are used to secure the anchor plates 25, 25 of the exhaust manifold in place with respect to the exhaust passages .5 of the cylinder head.

The exhaust manifold comprises four passageways 28 in communication with the four exhaust passages 5, respectively, thesefour passageways leading to a single horizontal passageway 21 which is in communication with the inlet port l8 leading to the butterfly valve. .The exhaust manifold is secured to the cylinder head bymeans of anchor plates 25, 25 through the central one, 25, of which the two centrally located passages 26 of the manifold lead and through the outer ones 25 of which the two outer manifold passages 28 lead. The central anchorage plate 25 is held in position on the cylinder head by the same bolts which are used to secure the anchorage plates of the inlet manifold. The two outer anchorage plates of the exhaust manifold are held in place by the bolts which secure the anchorage plates of the inlet manifold in place and by additional bolts which extend through the outer edges of the anchor- 7 age plates at 23 The. inlet manifold casting and the exhaust manifold casting are secured together by means of cap screws passing through the anchorage plate on the exhaust manifold and threaded into the inlet manifold casting ,In use, when starting up with the engine cold, it may be desirable to use a relatively high-grade fuel until the inlet pipe becomes sufficiently heated by the exhaust gases to enable the use of the relatively low-grade fuel. The butterfly valve will be placed in the position shown in full lines in Fig. 2, and the carburetor will be connected by means of the three-way valve with the high grade fuel. The engine will be run until the inlet passage, becomes heated, whereupon the three-way valve [0 will be shifted to connect the carburetor with the low grade fuel supply. The valve 9. maybe adjusted by the hand lever 20 to deflect a greater or lesser proportion of the hot exhaust gases into the heating chamber 6 to secure the proper temperature of the heated fuel in the inlet manifold. The hand lever may be held in adjusted position b means of a wing nut 30.

Further modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art and it is desired, therefore, that-the invention be limited only by the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described, my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

' outlet for 1. A manifold and heater construction for internal combustion engines comprising an intake manifold having a trunk passage leading from the carburetor and branch passages leading therefrom to the intake passages of the cylinder head of the engine, an exhaust manifold having branch passages leading from the exhaust passages of the cylinder head, a heating chamber for the intake manifold, an exhaust the exhaust gases, and three-way valve means which in one position directs the exhaust gases from all of said exhaust passages leading to the exhaust manifold so that they pass through the heating chamber and thence to the outlet and which in another position bypasses the heating chamber and directs the exhaust gases from all of said exhaust passages leading to the exhaust manifold outlet to the exhaust outlet, said valve means and heating chamber being detachably secured to said exhaust manifold as a unit, said exhaust manifold having a trunk passage leading from the branch passages to the valve means, said exhaust manifold having a flat upright outer face to which said trunk passage leads and said valve means having a fiat upright face for sealing engagementwith said first fiat upright face having an opening in communication with said trunk passage, the ends of the branch passages both of the inlet and exhaust manifolds adjacent the inlet and exhaust passages of the cylinder head having flat upright faces parallel to said first faces for sealing engagement with corresponding faces of the inlet and exhaust passages of said cylinder head, respectively.

2. A manifold and heater construction for internal combustion engines comprising an intake manifold having a trunk passage leading from the carburetor and branch passages leading therefrom to the intake passages of the cylinder head of the engine, an exhaust manifold having branch passages leading from the exhaust passages of the cylinder head, a heating chamber for the intake manifold, an exhaust outlet for the exhaust gases, and three-way valve means which in one position direct the exhaust gases from all of said exhaust passages leading to the exhaust manifold so that they pass through the heating chamber and thence to the outlet and which in another position bypasses the heating chamber and directs the exhaust gases from all of said exhaust passages leading to the exhaust manifold outlet to the exhaust outlet, said valve means and heating chamber being detachably secured to said exhaust manifold as a unit, said exhaust manifold having a trunk passage leading from the branch passages to the valve means, said exhaust manifold having a flat upright outer face to which said trunk passage leads and said valve means having a flat upright face for sealing engagement with said first flat upright face having an opening in communication with said trunk passage, the ends of the branch passages both of the inlet and exhaust manifolds adjacent the inlet and exhaust passages of the cylinder head having flat upright faces parallel to said first faces for sealing engagement with corresponding faces of said inlet and exhaust passages respectively of said cylinder head, said intake manifold comprising'an upright trunk passage having an entrance opening from the carburetor below the heating chamber, extending upwardly and centrally in the heating chamber and branch passages extending laterally in opposite directions from said central passage through the walls of the heating chamber.

3. A manifold and heater construction for internal combustion engines comprising an intake manifold having a trunk passage leading from the carburetor and branch passages leading therefrom to the intake passages of the cylinder head of the engine, an exhaust manifold having branch passagesleading from the exhaust passages of the cylinder head, a heating chamber for the intake manifold, an exhaust outlet for the exhaust gases, and three-way valve means which in one position direct the exhaust gases from all of said exhaust passages leading to the exhaust manifold so that they pass through the heating chamber and thence to the outlet and which in another position by-passcs the heating chamber and directs the exhaust gases from all of said exhaust passages leading to the exhaust manifold outlet to the exhaust outlet, said valve means and heating chamber being detaohably secured to said exhaust manifold as a unit, said exhaust manifold having a trunk passage leading from the branch passages to the valve means, said exhaust manifold having a flat upright outer face to which said trunk passage leads and said valve means having a flat upright face for sealing engagement with said first fiat upright face having an opening in communication with said 30 trunk passage, the ends of the branch passages both of the inlet and exhaust manifolds adjacent the inlet and exhaust passages of the cylinder head having flat upright faces parallel to said first faces for sealing engagement with corresponding faces of said inlet and exhaust passages respectively of said cylinder head, said intake manifold comprising an upright trunk passage having an entrance opening from the carburetor below the heating chamber, extending upwardly and centrally in the heating chamber and branch passages extending laterally in opposite direction from said central passage through the walls of the heating chamber, said valve means comprising a three-way valve rotatable about an axis extending parallel to the axis of said branch passages.

4. A manifold and heater construction for internal combustion engines comprising an intake manifold having a trunk passage leading from the carburetor and branch passage leading therefrom to the intake passages of the cylinder head of the engine, an exhaust manifold having branch passages leading from the exhaust passages of the cylinder head, a heating chamber for the intake manifold, an exhaust outlet for the exhaust gases, and three-way valve means which in one position direct the exhaust gases from all of said exhaust passages leading to the exhaust manifold so that they pass through the heating chamber and thence to the outlet and which in another position by-passes the heating chamber and directs the exhaust gases from all of said exhaust passages leading to the exhaust manifold outlet to the exhaust outlet, said valve means and heating chamber being detachably secured to said exhaust manifold as a unit, said exhaust manifold having a trunk passage leading from the branch passages to the valve means, said exhaust manifold having a flat upright outer face to which said trunk passage leads and said valve means having a flat upright face for sealing engagement with said first fiat upright face having an opening in communication with said trunk passage, the ends of the branch passages bcth of the inlet and exhaust manifolds adjacent the inlet and exhaust passages of the cylinder head having fiat upright face parallel to said first faces for sealing engagement with corresponding faces of said inlet and exhaust passages respectively of said cylinder head, said intake manifold comprising an upright trunk passage having an entrance opening from the carburetor below the heating chamber, extending upwardly and centrally in the heating chamber and branch passage extending laterally in opposite directions from said central passage through the walls of the heating chamber, said valve means comprising a three-way valve rotatable about an axis extending parallel to the axis of said branch passages, the valve axis being above and parallel to the branch passages.

5. A manifold and heater construction for internal combustion engines comprising an intake manifold having a trunk passage leading from the carburetor and branch passages leading therefrom to the intake passages of the cylinder head of the engine, an exhaust manifold having branch passages leading from the exhaust passages of the cylinder head, a heating chamber for the intake manifold, an exhaust outlet for the exhaust gases, and three-way valve means which in one position direct the exhaust gases from all of said exhaust passages leading tothe exhaust manifold so that they pass through the heating chamber and thence to the outlet and which in another position by-passes the heating chamber and directs the exhaust gases from all of said exhaust passages leading to the exhaust manifold outlet to the exhaust outlet, said valve mean and heating chamber being detachably secured to said exhaust manifold as a unit, said exhaust manifold having-a trunk passage leading from the branch passages to the valve means, said exhaust manifold hav ing a flat upright outer face to which said trunk passage leads and said valve means having a flat upright face for sealing engagement with said first fiat upright face having an opening in communication with said trunk passage, the ends of the branch passages both of the inlet and exhaust manifolds adjacent the inlet and exhaust passages of the cylinder head having fiat upright faces parallel to said first faces for sealing engagement with corresponding faces of said inlet and exhaust passages respectively of said cylinder head, and exhaust gas directing webs extending downwardly from said branch passages to force the exhaust gases to flow downwardly along one face of each web and upwardly along the other.

6. A manifold and heater construction for internal combustion engines comprising an intake manifold having a trunk passage leading from the carburetor and branch passages leading therefrom to the intake passages of the cylinder head of the engine, an exhaust manifold having branch passages leading from the exhaust passages of the cylinder head, a heating chamber for the intake manifold, an exhaust outlet for the exhaust gases, and three-way valve means which in one position direct the exhaust gases from all of said exhaust passages leading to the exhaust manifold so that they pass through the heating chamber and thence to the outlet and which in another position by-passes the heating chamber and directs the exhaust gases from all of said exhaust passages leading to the exhaust manifold outlet to the exhaust outlet, said valve means and heating chamber being detachably secured to said exhaust manifold as a unit,

7 said exhaust manifold having a trunl: passage leading from the branch passages to the valve means, said exhaust manifold having a flat upright outer face to which said trunk passage leads and said valve means having a' fiat upright facefor sealing engagement with said first fiat upright face having an opening in communication 'with said "trunk passage, the ends of the branch passages both of said inlet and exhaust manifolds 'adjacent'the inlet and exhaust passages of thec'ylinder headhaving' fiat upright faces parallel to said 'firstfaces for sealing engagement with corresponding faces of said inlet and exhaust passages respectively of said cylinder head, said valve means and heating chamber being detachably secured to said exhaust manifold as a unit, said exhaust manifold having a single passage leading from the branches to the valve means.

7. A manifold and heater construction for internal combustion engines comprising an intake manifold having a trunk passage leading from the carburetor and branch passages leading therefrom to the intake passages of the cylinder head of the engine, an exhaust manifold having branch passages leading from the exhaust pasof said exhaust passages leading to the exhaust manifold outlet to the exhaust outlet, said valve means and heating chamber being detachably secured to said exhaust manifold as a unit. said exhaust manifold having a trunk passage leading from the branch passages to the valve means, said exhaust manifold having a flat upright outer face to which'said trunkpas'sag e leads and said valve means having a fiat upright'face for sealing engagement with said first flat upright face having an'opening in communication "with said trunk passage, the ends of the branch passages both of the inlet'and exhaust manifolds adjacent the inlet and exhaust passages of the cylinder head having fiat upright faces parallel to saidfirst facesfor sealing engagement with corresponding faces of said inlet and exhaust passages respectively of said cylinder head, said intake manifold trunk having an entrance opening from the carburetor below the heating chamber.

" OTTO R. SCHOENROCK.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,099,271 Sykora' June 9, 1914 1,464,466 Church Aug. '7, 1923 1,651,393 Jack L Dec. 6, 1927 1,722,846 Greuter 1- July 30, 1929 1,844,298 Rogers Feb. 9, 1932 2,003,984 'Iimian June 4, 1935 2,034,397 Kalb et al Mar. 17, 1936 2,038,085 Roos Apr. 21, 1936 OTHER REFERENCES The Autocar article, January 4, 1929, pages 16 to 19 inclusive.

Internal-Combustion Engines by Lichty, page 275, 5th ed., McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc, 1939. 

